Aluminum and Magnesium Wheel Advantages for Automotive Performance in Luxury and Sport Applications

Mark Lisnyansky, President of Magnesium Inc. notesTechnology in forging magnesium wheels is always
that, "Wheel weight is very important to overalladvancing. With the new technologies come new
performance as it is key component in "un-sprung"applications in forging and coating. SMW Engineering
vehicle mass. Generally, the accepted rule for thumband are researching and testing new design methods
for predicting performance benefits from sprung vs.regularly. The racing world, automotive and motorcycle,
un-sprung weight reduction is a factor ofhas for some time adopted magnesium wheels as
approximately 4:1. For every pound of un-sprung massefficient tools for weight reduction, better handling and
eliminated a four fold advantage is gained in vehicleincreased performance. Luxury car and bike
performance parameters. For example, forgedmanufacturers are now meeting consumer interest
magnesium, large diameter wheels ( 20"-22") increaseand demand for not only high-performance magnesium
the weight advantage over aluminum by eliminating, onwheels but exclusively designed and coated
average, 70-75 lbs. un-sprung mass, which wouldmagnesium wheels.
provide the same acceleration time and brakingrecently announced the introduction of one-piece,
distance benefit as eliminating 250-300 pounds fromforged magnesium wheels for street use in North
the vehicle engine, chassis or passengerAmerica. The wheels are 20 to 30 percent lighter than
compartment." Mr. Lisnyansky goes on to say that, "Byforged aluminum and offer increased safety and
virtue of these lighter wheels, forged wheels are atperformance.
least 20% lighter, sustaining equal loads with better"The U.S. wheel market is quite formidable and we
characteristics, which is always easier on the car andintend to supply a smaller but very important segment
its suspension. Lighter wheels also yield shorterof the 100 million vehicle wheels used in North
breaking distance, which saves lives, shorterAmerica," said Mark Lisnyansky, President of "We will
acceleration and reduces fuel consumption."provide the best-in-class wheels that automakers can
The forged aluminum and magnesium wheeloffer as an option on new vehicles and consumers
manufacturing process is critical to wheel strength.can add to their present vehicles."
They are produced by applying extremely high forcesThe magnesium alloy wheels are initially available in 20
to base material in a contained die. The forged wheeland 22-inch sizes, and are treated with a high-tech
blanks, or "pre-forms", undergo very beneficial changesanti-corrosion coating. The company will also be
in metallurgical grain structure during this process. Thedeveloping wheels in various sizes and compositions
more random grain structure found in standard castfor specific North American applications.
wheels becomes a more highly organized and aligned"Steel wheels are becoming nearly obsolete and the
grain structure when wheels are forged. Moreprevailing trend is toward cast aluminum wheels. While
importantly, forged wheel metallurgical microstructure inmost people are not familiar with forged wheels,
both aluminum and magnesium can be further orientedperformance car enthusiasts know that forged wheels
in the forging process to provide the highest materialoffer significant advantages, and forged magnesium
strength exactly where wheels see the highest loadingwheels, which are lighter and much stronger than their
from road surface hazards or from lateral and otheraluminum counterparts, are the next logical step in
loading generated by the vehicles own inertia. Goingoptimizing vehicle performance."
one step further, today's advanced computer aidedMagnesium wheels offer consumers improved safety
modeling techniques allow the wheel manufacturer andby shortening braking distances and delivering higher
the automaker to collaborate in optimizing a specificacceleration rates as well as improving gas mileage.
forged wheel geometry and design for the utmostThere is also the dampening factor of magnesium,
strength and safety on the vehicle.which allows for vibrations caused by road
SMW Engineering, a division of is a leader in developingimperfections to be absorbed six times more
magnesium wheels. Engineers at acknowledge anothereffectively.
important feature of forged wheels over low pressureMr. Lisnyansky added that along with the safety
cast wheels is the integrity of surface finish achievable.aspects, "forged magnesium wheels will also provide
Most final wheel styles and finish combinations areappreciable impact to vehicle performance by
enhanced by the density and uniformity of cosmeticdecreasing un-sprung mass, an important performance
surfaces on forged wheels. This is particularlyfactor."
important on higher-end vehicle applications where aUsing specialized aviation industry equipment, the
bright wheel finish is desired but chrome plating is notcompany has been producing Superbike and Formula
an alternative due to mass, cost and environmentalOne competition wheels for many years. The wheels
considerations. Forged, bright polished wheels certainlyare forged in Russia by a subsidiary and then
make a dramatic addition to the vehicles appearancemachined and finished in Italy.
and aesthetics.Why not build a finishing line in Russia? "Prospective
While forging processing cost is higher than thecustomers, primarily automotive original equipment
standard, low-pressure casting process used onmanufacturers, often require the comfort level of
wheels that come as original equipment on manyhaving their suppliers' wheels produced locally, even if
vehicles, even the most cost-conscious autothe forging itself arrives from Russia," Lisnyansky said.
manufacturers do install forged wheels on their highestrecently held a "Best New Wheel Design" competition,
performing vehicles. By optimizing wheel strengthand is negotiating with several large distributors to
through process and material choices, the manyestablish a joint machining and finishing facility in the U.S.
benefits in overall vehicle performance will makeThe company is considering an acquisition of or a joint
forged magnesium wheels one of the key milestonesventure with a local wheel company with an existing
in upcoming production vehicle refinement,high-end market presence and brand name recognition.
performance and safety improvement.